A
A LICENSE: The first level or Basic USPA license which signifies that a skydiver has advanced beyond the novice phase. Persons holding a USPA A License are able to jumpmaster themselves, perform basic relative work jumps, water jumps and pack their own main parachute.
ACCELERATED FREEFALL CERTIFICATION COURSE AND TRAINING CAMP: A course registered with and authorized by USPA HQ to train, qualify and test candidates for Jumpmaster and Instructor ratings in the Accelerated Freefall method of student instruction.
ACCELERATED FREEFALL GRADUATE STUDENT: A novice skydiver who has successfully completed the training of the Accelerated Freefall method but has not yet obtained a USPA license.
ACCELERATED FREEFALL SEMINAR: A gathering of USPA Accelerated Freefall rating holders to exchange, discuss and introduce new ideas to develop, improve or assure the quality of techniques and instruction used in the Accelerated Freefall method of instruction.
ACCELERATED FREEFALL STUDENT: A skydiver trainee being trained by the Accelerated Freefall method who has not yet graduated from AFF Level 7.
AGL: Above ground level.
AIRCRAFT: Any machine or device, including airplanes, helicopters, gliders, balloons, etc. capable of atmospheric flight. Parachutes are not considered aircraft.
ALTERATIONS: Changes to the original configuration, such as removal of a gore, installation of an AAD or the addition of a deployment device. Any change or modification to any part of the parachute assembly from its original manufacturer’s specifications.
APPROVED: An item for which the FAA has issued approval documents. 1. Approval may be in the form of a TSO, which is stamped on the article, by a military designation such as NAF, AAF or AN contract number, which is also stamped on the article, or by an STC or a Field Approval (Form 337). 2. Any alteration to an approved item will void the approval unless it is done in accordance with a specific alteration approval issued by the FAA.
AS 8015A: Aerospace Standard 8015A defines the tests and minimum safety and performance standards which must be met for a parachute to receive approval under TSO C-23c. Adopted in 1984 to supersede NAS 804.
AUXILIARY PARACHUTE: Another term for the reserve or emergency parachute used on intentional jumps.
AUTOMATIC ACTIVATION DEVICE (AAD): A self-contained device attached to the parachute which automatically activates the parachute container opening sequence at a preset altitude, time, percentage of terminal velocity or combination thereof.
B
B LICENSE: The second level or Intermediate USPA license. Persons holding a USPA B License are able to jumpmaster themselves, pack their own main parachute, perform water, night and relative work jumps and participate in record attempts.
BASIC SAFETY REQUIREMENTS: Minimum standards generally agreed upon as the accepted standard for safe skydiving activities. Published by USPA.
BREAK AWAY: See CUT AWAY.
BREAKAWAY HANDLE: See CUTAWAY HANDLE.
BREAK OFF: 1. RWA predetermined altitude at which all jumpers turn 180° from the center of the formation and track in order to have enough airspace to safely open their parachutes. 2. CRWThe altitude after which no more incoming canopies are allowed to dock.
C
C LICENSE: The third level or Advanced USPA license. Persons holding a USPA C License are able to jumpmaster other licensed skydivers, pack their own main parachute, participate in certain USPA competitions and in record attempts, perform relative work, night, and water jumps and are eligible for the USPA Jumpmaster rating.
CANOPY: The umbrella-like surface or drag surface of a parachute which includes the suspension lines from which the load or person is suspended.
CANOPY RELATIVEWORK (CRW): The intentional maneuvering of two or more open parachute canopies in proximity to or contact with one another during descent.
CANOPY RELEASE: A device which allows immediate separation of the parachute canopy and risers from the harness.
CASCADE: The point where two or more suspension lines of a canopy join into one.
CERTIFICATED: Refers to FAA-approved parachutes such as commercially manufactured parachutes and government surplus models which were manufactured under military contract. The FAA uses this term to describe any product it has approved as airworthy and to describe persons it has approved for various functions such as pilot, rigger, etc.
CONTAINER: The portion of the assembly that is used to store the folded parachute canopy. Not to be confused with the term pack. See PACK.
CROSS CONNECTORS: Straps attached to the risers. For CRW they should be from front to rear only, to prevent the docked jumper from sliding back up the lines. Especially important for plane formations. Also used with some RSL systems and attached from side to side to prevent premature reserve deployment if only one riser is released.
CROSSPORTING: Vents cut in ram-air canopy ribs to ensure even pressurization of the canopy.
CRW BASE-PIN: The initial docking of two canopies on which the rest of a CRW formation is built.
CUTAWAY: Separating or releasing of the main canopy and risers from the harness by activating riser releases. A procedure for handling a malfunctioned main canopy that must be followed by deployment of the reserve. Also called BREAKAWAY.
CUTAWAY HANDLE: A handle, usually mounted on the harness, used to release both main risers. Sometimes referred to as a single point release.
D
D LICENSE: The fourth and highest Master USPA license. Persons holding a USPA D License are able to jumpmaster other licensed skydivers, pack their own main parachute, participate in all USPA competitions and record attempts, perform relative work, night, water and certain demonstration jumps, are eligible for all USPA ratings and for appointment as a Safety & Training Advisor.
DELAYED OPENING: Obsolete, See FREEFALL.
DELTA POSITION: A modified stable freefall position made by a skydiver drawing his arms back near his sides, which results in a head-low attitude. This position increases rate of descent and horizontal movement.
DEMONSTRATION JUMP: A jump made away from an established drop zone for the benefit of spectators. Also an exhibition or display jump.
DEPLOYMENT: That portion of a parachute’s operation occurring from the moment of container opening (or pilot chute release when using a hand-deployed pilot chute) to the instant the suspension lines are fully stretched out but prior to the inflation of the canopy.
DEPLOYMENT BAG: A device which contains (holds) a parachute canopy until the suspension lines have deployed. Bag may or may not provide a place to stow suspension lines. A pilot chute lifts a deployment bag away from a parachute container, causing the suspension lines to be extended before the canopy emerges from the deployment bag.
DEPLOYMENT DEVICE: A sleeve, bag or other device used to control the opening sequence of a parachute.
DIAPER: A type of deployment device consisting of a fabric panel attached near the lower part of a canopy which prevents canopy inflation until full line stretch. Used frequently with round parachutes to reduce opening shock and malfunctions.
DIRECT SUPERVISION: The person providing direct supervision must be physically present during instruction, packing, or other activity being supervised, standing by to assist if necessary. The supervisor must take responsibility for the actions of those being supervised.
DOOR EXIT: Leaving an aircraft by diving out of the aircraft door; made without positioning or bracing to achieve a stable position.
DROP ZONE: A specified area into which skydivers intend to land. Also refers to a commercial parachute center.
DUAL ASSEMBLY: Refers to a two-canopy parachute system, includes the main and reserve canopies and all other components.
DUMMY RIPCORD PULL (DRCP): See PRACTICE RIPCORD PULL.
E
EMERGENCY PARACHUTE: A certificated parachute which is intended for emergency use.
EXHIBITION JUMP: See DEMONSTRATION JUMP.
EXIT POINT: That point on the ground over which the skydiver jumps from the aircraft.
F
FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION (FAA): An agency of the U.S. Department of Transportation whose primary function and responsibility is to control the nation’s air traffic, including the certification of all civil aircraft and accessories, licensing of all civil pilots, mechanics and riggers and administration of the Federal Aid to Airports Program.
FEDERATION AERONAUTIQUE INTERNATIONALE (FAI): An international organization which governs all aviation sports, certifies all official aviation and space records and governs official international competitions. Operates through a non-profit National Aero Club in each country.
FIELD PACKING: The temporary stowing of a parachute in the container after a jump, so that it is more easily transported.
FREEFALL: A skydive on which the parachute is activated manually at the discretion of the jumper. The portion of the jump between exit and parachute deployment.
G
GLIDE: The horizontal movement of a descending canopy.
GO TOGGLES: A non-locking front riser pulley system for mechanical advantage used during CRW.
H
HAND-DEPLOYED PILOT CHUTE: The springless pilot chute used in hand-deployed systems. See THROW OUT.
HARNESS: An arrangement of nylon webbing which is designed to conform to the shape of the load to be carried in order to secure it properly, so that the opening force and the weight of the load during descent are evenly distributed. The harness connects the wearer to the canopy through the risers.
HOOK KNIFE: A knife with a blade shaped like a hook. Sometimes used to cut lines in an entanglement.
HOUSING CLAMP STIFFENER: A metal plate sewn to the top flap of a parachute container used to hold the ripcord cable housing in place and give rigidity to the housing.
I
INSTRUCTOR: The holder of a USPA Instructor rating who may be qualified in the static line and/or Accelerated Freefall method of instruction. Instructor is the second level of instructional rating and identifies the person who demonstrated the ability to instruct students in both the theoretical and practical skydiving skills required to attain the USPA A License and to supervise jumpmasters.
INSTRUCTOR CERTIFICATION COURSE: A course registered with and authorized by USPA Headquarters to train, qualify and test applicants for the USPA Instructor rating. May be conducted by an Instructor/Examiner or an S&TA with an Instructor rating.
INSTRUCTOR/EXAMINER: The third level of the instructional rating program. An I/E is an experienced Instructor who has met additional proficiency requirements and passed a series of written examinations on a wide variety of skydiving related subjects. An I/E has all of the privileges of an S&TA and may receive authorization to conduct Instructor and Jumpmaster Certification Courses.
J
JUDGE: The official who evaluates a competitor’s performance. USPA issues judge ratings at both the conference and national levels. The FAI issues a rating for internationally recognized judges.
JUMP ALTITUDE: Actual altitude of an aircraft above the ground at the time a skydiver exits.
JUMP RUN: The flight of the aircraft prior to exit, usually flown from the target to the exit point.
JUMPMASTER: 1. Jumpmaster is the entry level instructional rating and identifies the person who has demonstrated the ability to provide practical instruction for and direct supervision of students in the aircraft. 2. The skydiver who supervises the other skydivers from the time they enter until the time they exit the aircraft. Also called the spotter.
JUMPMASTER CERTIFICATION COURSE: A course registered with and authorized by USPA Headquarters to train, qualify and test applicants for the USPA Jumpmaster rating. May be conducted by an Instructor rating holder.
L
LINE DOCK: The docking of two canopies with the canopy above the head of the person receiving the dock; an advanced CRW technique useful for plane formations.
M
MAIN PARACHUTE: The primary canopy of a dual (two-canopy) assembly.
MAINTENANCE: Inspection, overhaul, repair, preservation and replacement of parts.
MAJOR ALTERATION: An alteration not listed in the manufacturer’s specifications: 1. that might appreciably affect weight, structural strength, performance, flight characteristics or other qualities affecting airworthiness; or 2. that cannot be done by elementary operations.
MAJOR REPAIR: A repair that if improperly accomplished may affect weight, structural strength, performance, flight characteristics or other qualities which determine airworthiness.
MALFUNCTION: The complete or partial failure of a parachute canopy to accomplish proper opening, descent or flight characteristics.
MILITARY SPECIFICATION: A procurement specification promulgated by a military agency and used for the procurement of military supplies and equipment.
MINOR ALTERATION: An alteration other than a major alteration.
MINOR REPAIR: A repair other than a major repair.
MODIFICATION: 1. An alteration. 2. Often refers to the removal of an area of a round canopy to achieve steerability and forward glide.
MSL: Mean sea level.
N
NAS 804: National Aircraft Standard 804 defines the tests and minimum performance and safety standards which must be met for a parachute to receive approval under TSO C-23b. Adopted in 1949 and superseded in 1984 by AS 8015A.
NATIONAL AERONAUTIC ASSOCIATION: The National Aero Club of the USA which represents the FAI. USPA is a division of the NAA.
NATIONAL COLLEGIATE PARACHUTING COMMITTEE (NCPC): Supports and encourages skydiving as a collegiate sport; conducts an annual national collegiate parachuting championships.
NATIONAL DIRECTOR: Those Directors elected at large by the general membership.
NIGHT JUMP: A skydive made from one hour after official sunset to one hour before official sunrise. The FAA considers any jump made after sunset and before sunrise a night jump.
NOTAM: Notice to Airmen. An air traffic advisory or notice filed with an ATC facility by an airspace user.
NOVICE: A skydiver who has been cleared to self-jumpmaster, but who has not yet obtained a USPA license.
O
OPEN BODY OF WATER: A body of water in which a skydiver might drown upon landing.
OPENING FORCE: The decelerating force exerted on the load as the parachute deploys and inflates. Caused by the resistance of the canopy and items associated with it. Also called opening shock.
OPENING POINT: The ground point of reference over which the skydiver should open the parachute in order to most easily fly to the center of the target area.
OSCILLATION: 1. The swinging or pendulum motion of the suspended load under a canopy. 2. In CRW, the swaying or swinging of a CRW formation caused by poor docking, turbulent air or too much movement of the people in the formation.
OUTBOARD: Facing to the outside, such as a ripcord facing to the side of the jumper rather than toward the breast bone.
P
PACK (or PARACHUTE PACK): An FAA term for the parachute assembly less the harness. It means the container, canopy, suspension lines, pilot chute, risers and connector links. The terms pack and container are not synonymous.
PARACHUTE ASSEMBLY or PARACHUTE: Consists of these seven component parts: harness, container, ripcord, risers, canopy, pilot chute and deployment device.
PARACHUTE: A fabric device that slows the descent of a falling object; derived from the French words "para", to shield, and "chute," to fall. Thus, parachute literally means "to shield from a fall."
PARACHUTE LANDING FALL (PLF): A method of falling or rolling upon landing whereby the force of landing is distributed over several portions of the body.
PARACHUTIST: A person engaging in intentional parachuting such as a skydiver, member of a military airborne unit or smoke jumper.
PARTIAL INVERSION: A type of round canopy malfunction. It occurs when one or more sections of the canopy become inverted during inflation and form a small pocket which inflates, causing the canopy to be divided into two sections. The condition may or may not work out or may become a total inversion (where the canopy turns completely inside out). Also called a Mae West.
PERMEABILITY: The amount or volume of air which can pass through the fabric.
PILOT CHUTE: A small parachute used to aid or accelerate canopy deployment by acting as an anchor.
PILOT CHUTE ASSIST: A connection of breakcord, velcro, etc., between the static line and the pilot chute which pulls the pilot chute out of the pack and then separates from it.
PLANE: A vertical CRW formation with the grip being feet of one jumper in the risers of another. See CROSS CONNECTORS.
PLANING: In CRW, the transition from a stack to a plane, accomplished by the lower jumper adding brakes while the person planing pulls evenly with both hands on the lower jumper’s lines until his feet are at the risers. It is important for the person planing to keep his feet in the lines until reaching the risers to avoid deforming lower person’s canopy. See CASCADE.
POISED EXIT: A departure from an aircraft wherein the jumper uses an external structure to brace himself and to assist in gaining a stable position immediately upon leaving the aircraft.
POROSITY: The ratio of open area to closed area in a fabric. Graded as high, low or zero. Tightly woven material has a lower porosity than loosely woven material.
PRACTICE RIPCORD PULL (PRCP): An exercise used to learn how to properly locate, reach and pull a ripcord handle. It may consist of pulling a practice or dummy handle or touching an actual or live handle. See DUMMY RIPCORD PULL.
PREMATURE OPENING: Opening of a parachute before the user is clear of the aircraft; any accidental opening of a parachute.
PULL OUT: A hand deployment method of initiating parachute opening, where the springless pilot chute is packed into the main container. Pulling a handle first withdraws a container closing pin and then extracts the pilot chute.
R
RATING RENEWAL SEMINAR: A meeting of USPA Jumpmasters and Instructors to exchange, discuss and introduce new ideas to develop, improve or assure the quality of techniques of skydiving instruction.
RECOMMENDATIONS: Principles, policies and concepts applicable to skydiving or a related subject which are derived from experience or theory, compiled by USPA and offered for guidance.
REGIONAL DIRECTOR: Those Directors of a specified geographical area, elected by and responsible for representing the interests of the skydivers in a Regional area.
RELATIVE WORK (RW): Aerial maneuvers by two or more freefalling skydivers with each other, usually to form geometric formations.
RESERVE PARACHUTE: The second or auxiliary parachute worn by a person making an intentional jump.
RESERVE STATIC LINE (RSL): A line or lanyard attached to a main parachute riser and to a reserve ripcord handle, cable or housing to effect automatic activation of the reserve ripcord pin following a breakaway. Also called a Stevens system.
RISER DOCK: In CRW, a momentum dock that puts the risers into the hands of the receiver. A very advanced technique.
S
SAFETY & TRAINING ADVISOR (S&TA): A local person appointed by the Regional Director as his representative who is available to provide advice and administrative assistance as the USPA representative at an individual drop zone.
SINGLE OPERATION SYSTEM (SOS): The term refers to any system which combines a single-point riser release and a reserve ripcord so that pulling one handle will both release the risers and pull the reserve. Also called a combination system.
SKYDIVE: The descent of a person to the surface from an aircraft in flight when he or she uses or intends to use a parachute during all or part of that descent.
SKYDIVER: A person who engages in skydiving.
SLIDER: A device which controls a canopy’s inflation by progressively sliding down the suspension lines during deployment. Found on most ram-air canopies.
SPORT PARACHUTIST: One who engages in skydiving. A skydiver.
SPOT: The EXIT POINT.
SPOTTING: Selecting the course for the aircraft to fly, directing the pilot and selecting the correct ground reference point over which to leave the aircraft.
STABLE FREEFALL POSITION: A position attained by a freefalling skydiver in which only controlled, planned movements are made; usually face to earth.
STABILITY: That property of a body which causes it, when its equilibrium is disturbed, to develop forces or movements tending to restore the original condition. In skydiving, having control of body position during freefall.
STACK: A vertical CRW formation with the jumpers gripping the canopy or lines just below the canopy.
STATIC LINE: A line, cable or webbing, one end of which is fastened to the pack, the other to some part of the aircraft; used to open a container or deploy a canopy as the load falls away from the aircraft.
STATIC LINE JUMP: A parachute jump during which deployment of the parachute is initiated by a static line attached to the aircraft, used primarily in student training.
STUDENT: A skydiver trainee who has not been cleared to self-jumpmaster.
SUSPENSION LINE: Cords that connect the parachute to the harness. They are the means by which the wearer or weight is suspended from the inflated canopy.
T
TANDEM JUMP: A skydive during which two people use the same parachute system, each wearing a harness with one attached to the other and featuring a single piggyback container system with an extra-large main and reserve canopy.
TARGET: The landing area on a drop zone. For competition, a five centimeter disk.
TECHNICAL STANDARD ORDER (TSO): Issued by the FAA, requires compliance with minimum performance standards and specifications for material and products. Parachutes are covered by TSO-C23.
TERMINAL VELOCITY: The equilibrium velocity that a freefalling body can attain against the resistance of the air. The greatest speed at which a human body falls through the atmosphere. Resistance of the air overcoming the pull of gravity establishes the approximate figure of 150 to 176 feet per second or 102 to 120 mph for the stable, face-to-earth position.
3-RING RELEASE: A patented canopy release system based on three interlocking rings. In its common configuration, pulling one breakaway handle simultaneously releases both main risers. Also called a single point release. See CUTAWAY HANDLE.
THROW OUT: A hand deployment method of initiating a parachute opening where the skydiver grasps a springless pilot chute and tosses it into the airstream. See HAND-DEPLOY PILOT CHUTE.
TRACKING: A freefall action achieved by a skydiver to attain maximum horizontal movement.
TRIM TABS: A front riser pulley system for adjusting a canopy’s angle of attack or flight attitude.
TSO-C23: The Technical Standard Order assigned to parachutes. See TECHNICAL STANDARD ORDER.
U
UNITED STATES PARACHUTE ASSOCIATION (USPA): A not-for-profit, voluntary membership association of skydivers whose purpose is promoting and representing skydiving. As a division of the NAA, it is the official representative of the FAI for skydiving in the U.S.
USPA BOARD OF DIRECTORS (BOD): Those representatives elected by the general members of USPA every two years as set forth in the USPA By-Laws; authorized by the By-Laws to have general charge and control of the affairs, funds and property of the organization and to carry out the objectives of the organization and its By-Laws; elects officers from among current Board members. The USPA Board of Directors consists of: 1. National Directorsthose Directors elected at large by the general membership; and 2. Regional Directorsthose Directors of a specified geographical area, elected by and responsible for representing the interests of the skydivers in a Regional area.
USPA LICENSE: Formal recognition that a skydiver has met a specified level of experience, skill and knowledge. There are four classes of USPA licenses: A, B, C and D. USPA licenses are recognized internationally through the FAI and exceed the minimum requirements established for each level by the FAI.
W
WAIVERS: Exceptions to the BSRs filed by those so indicated in USPA Section 2-2.
WATER JUMP: A skydive which includes landing in an open body of water.
WIND DRIFT INDICATOR (WDI): A device used to determine the wind drift which a descending parachute will experience, so constructed as to descend at a rate comparable to a skydiver of average weight descending under a fully deployed main canopy of average specifications. Usually a weighted strip of crepe paper 10 inches wide and 20 feet long.
A
Advisory Circular 105-2C 145
Accelerated Freefall (AFF)
Equipment Requirements 51, 69
Progression 51
Level 8 (Graduate) 63
USPA Ratings 25, 27
Recurrency Requirements 43
Accuracy - License Requirements 19
Advanced Progression 79
Age Requirements 12, 36
Alcohol or Drugs 38, 130, 135, 141
Alterations (To Parachutes) 69, 73, 132, 147
Altimeter 13, 38, 71, 85
Altitude Requirements (Parachute Opening) 13, 40
Applications and USPA Forms appendix
Automatic Activation Device (AAD) 13, 38, 70, 145
B
Basic Instructional Course 23
Basic Safety Requirements (BSRs) 12, 38
Backloop (Requirements) 48, 54
Board of Directors 1, 3
Breakoff Altitude
Relative Work 75
Canopy Relative Work 86
C
Canopy Control 41, 60
Canopy Relative Work (CRW)
Recommendations 85
Awards 99, 103
Demonstration Jumps 88-91
Certificate of Authorization 139, 143
Classification of Skydivers 17
Clothing (Protective) 39, 58, 71
Cloud Clearances 141, 149
Constitution and By-Laws 2-3
Controlled Freefall 18
Currency Requirements 43
Cutaway See Emergency Procedures
D
Demonstration Jumps 88-91
Door Exit 48
Drop Zone Requirements
Minimum Distance from Hazards 13
Rules 38
E
Elections 4
Emergency Procedures
Aircraft Emergencies 40
Canopy Emergencies 40, 71, 86
Summary 43
Exams -Written 21, 43
Exits
Procedures 46, 58, 65
Basic Commands 46, 52
Body Position 46, 52
Exit Point 62
F
Federation Aeronautique Internationale (FAI) 1
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
Advisory Circulars 143
Regulations 38, 129
First Aid Guidelines 108
Bites 120
Burns 115
Choking 112
Concussion 117
Convulsion 117
Fractures 114
Heat and Cold Emergencies 116
Neck and Back Injury 114
Poisons 121
Rescue Breathing (CPR) 109
Shock 113
First Jump Course
Training 35, 145
Verification 43
Forms (USPA) appendix
Freefall Rate of Descent Time Tables 77
G
Graduate Student Progression 63
Group Membership Program 8
H
Hazards - Minimum Distance Requirements 13
Hazardous Landing Procedures 42
Helmet Requirements 13
High Altitude Jumps 92, 138
Hook Knives 85
I
Instruction Verification 43
Instructor Assisted Deployment 28, 45
Instructor Rating Requirements 25
Instructor Certification Course (ICC) 26
Instructor/Examiner (I/E) 25
Insurance 8, 91
J
Jump Verification 18, 100
Jumpmaster Rating Requirements 26
Jumpmaster Certification Course (JCC) 26
L
License Requirements 19
Landing 42
Landing Requirements 19, 32, 42
Logbook 18, 100
M
Main Parachute 13, 70, 141
Malfunction See Emergency Procedures (Canopy)
Medical Requirements 12, 36
Membership Awards Program 99
Membership Seniority Certificates 104
Minimum Opening Altitudes 13
N
National Aeronautic Association (NAA) 1
National Director 1, 3
Night Jump Recommendations 75, 80, 87
O
Opening Point See Spotting
P
Packing Requirements 73, 133, 141, 147
Parachute Equipment Check List 67
Parachute Landing Fall (PLF) 42
Poised Exit See Exits
Practice Ripcord Pull (PRCP) 47, 53, 59
Professional Exhibition Rating (PRO) 17, 32, 88
R
Rate of Descent Tables 77
Ratings
Instructional 17, 25
PRO 17, 32, 88
Judge 17
Recurrent Training 43
Regional Director 1, 3
Relative Work (RW)
Recommendations 74
Student Requirements 48
Renewal Requirements
License 19
Instructional Rating 29
PRO Rating 32
Reserve Parachute 13, 70, 141, 147
Reserve Static Line (RSL) 13, 38, 70, 72
Rigger - Certification 132
S
Safety & Training Advisor 1
Seatbelts 12, 40, 136
Sequential RW Awards 102
Single Operation System (SOS) 41
Slider See Parachute Equipment
Spotting 41, 46, 54, 81, 94
Static Line Equipment Requirements 71, 143
Static Line/IAD Progression 45
T
Tandem Jumping 57
Technical Standard Order (TSO) 69, 145
Tracking (Delta Position) 48, 54
Training Options 35
U
United States Parachute Association 1
USPA Regions 6
USPA Instructional Rating Requirements 25
USPA License Exams 21
USPA Membership Requirements 2
V
Verification of Jumps 18, 100
W
Waivers
BSRs 11, 14
Licenses 20
Instructional Ratings 25
Water Safety Equipment 13, 82
Water Training
Unintentional See First Jump Course
Intentional 82
Wind Conditions
Demonstration Jumps 88
General 13, 139, 149
Wind Drift Indicator (WDI) 39
APPLICATIONS AND FORMS
Membership Application and Rating Renewal Form
Group Membership Application (21-1)
USPA License Application
Professional Demonstration (PRO) Rating Application
Sequential RW Awards Application
Large Formation Awards Application
Canopy Relative Work Awards Application
Additional applications and forms may be obtained from USPA Headquarters.
Additional copies of this manual may be ordered for $ 21.50.
Send orders to:
USPA
1440 Duke Street
Alexandria, VA 22314
Telephone: (703) 836-3495
Fax: (703) 836-2843
Please provide your name, address, order request and credit card authorization to USPA.